In hospitalised patients, venous thromboembolism, which includes deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is common. Systemic thromboprophylaxis is critical, particularly in individuals with inherited or acquired patient-specific risk factors, or in patients having procedures with a high risk of postoperative deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. These individuals, who are on preventive or therapeutic anticoagulant dosages, may need surgery. Depending on the type and urgency of the surgery, as well as the degree of anticoagulation as determined by studies, general or regional anaesthetic may be considered. If the anaesthesiologist is aware of the pharmacokinetics of medicines that alter haemostasis, the question about the type of anaesthesia can be resolved.
