Craniofacial variation is a captivating aspect of human anatomy; encompassing the diversity in the size; shape; and arrangement of the skull and facial structures within and between human populations. This minireview manuscript provides an in-depth exploration of the underlying genetic; developmental; and environmental factors contributing to craniofacial diversity. It also delves into the implications of craniofacial variation in evolutionary studies; population genetics; clinical applications; and forensic investigations. Understanding craniofacial variation has wide-ranging significance; including shedding light on human evolutionary history; informing medical interventions; and aiding forensic identification.
